Networking command

  1. ping google.com – Checks connectivity to a remote server.

  2. netstat -tulnp – Displays open network connections.

  3. curl https://example.com – Fetches a webpage's content.
  4. wget https://example.com/file.zip – Downloads a file from the internet.

Network Manager

  1. ip a – Check IP address
  2. nmcli device status – Show active network connections
  3. nmcli connection show – View detailed connection info
  4. nmcli device show – Check if DHCP or Static IP is used
  5. resolvectl status – Check DNS and Gateway
  6. nmcli device wifi list – See Wi-Fi details (laptop specific)
  7. ifconfig – Display network configuration information
  8. ip addr show – Modern replacement for ifconfig

The route command

  1. route – Show routing table.
  2. route -n – Show numeric routing table.
  3. ip route show – Modern command to display the routing table with detailed info

The netstat command

  1. netstat -i – Show network interface statistics (RX/TX packets and errors).
  2. netstat -r – Show kernel IP routing table (similar to route).
  3. netstat -tln – Show listening TCP ports with numeric addresses.
  4. netstat -tl – Show listening TCP ports with service names.

The ss command

  1. ss – Display current socket connections and states (modern replacement for netstat).
  2. ss -s – Show summary statistics of all socket types.
  3. ss | less – for easier viewing

The dig command

  1. dig example.com – Tests DNS server functionality and performs DNS queries

The host command

  1. host example.com – Resolve a hostname to its IP address.
  2. host 192.168.1.2 – Perform a reverse DNS lookup (IP → hostname).
  3. host -t CNAME example.com – Query the CNAME (canonical name) record.
  4. host -t SOA example.com – Query the Start of Authority (SOA) record.
  5. host -a example.com – Display all DNS records for a domain.

The ssh command

  1. ssh hostname – Logs in using your current username on the remote host
  2. ssh username@hostname – Logs in with a specific username