7. Spring Boot Profiles

Spring Boot Profiles

1. Spring Boot Profiles

Profiles allow to define different configurations for different environments (e.g., dev, test, prod,uat).

2. Defining Profiles

create profile-specific files:

  • application-dev.properties : local development
  • application-test.properties : testing/staging
  • application-prod.properties : production
  • application-uat.properties : User Acceptence Testing

3. Way of activating a Profile

  • In application.properties: spring.profiles.active=dev
  • Command line: --spring.profiles.active=dev
  • Environment variable: SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE=dev

4. Profile File Loading Order

  • application.properties: common config (base/default)
  • application-{profile}.properties : overrides base config when active

Example

application.properties 

spring.profiles.active=dev
server.port=8080

application-dev.properties 

server.port=8081

application-prod.properties 

server.port=8082

What happend?

  • Active profile: dev
  • Base config: application.properties → server.port=8080
  • Profile-specific override: application-dev.properties → server.port=8081
  • Result: server.port = 8081

If active profile = prod → server.port = 8082 If no profile → server.port = 8080

5. Use Case

@Profile(value={"dev"})
@Component
public class User {
    // Bean logic here
}

What Happend?

  • @Profile("dev") : loads the bean only when the active profile matches "dev".
  • Bean User is created and available in the Spring context.
  • If active profile ≠ "dev" : Bean User is not created and Spring skips it.